Characteristics of Living Organisms - Standard 6 - Balbharati

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Characteristics of Living Organisms

Exercise

Q.1 Suggest the appropriate word for the blanks.

(a) Every living organism produces another living organism like itself is called Reproduction.

(b) Growth and Reproduction are the main characteristics of living organisms.

(c) The growth and development of living organisms due to food is called Nutrition.

(d) The body of a living organism is made up of Cells.


Q.2 Birds, fish and animals can move and change their position on their own. Shed leaves, as well as vehicles like tractors and bullock carts can also change their position. What are the important differences between these two types of movements?

Ans.

Living Organisms Non-living Things
Move on their own. Cannot move on their own.
Move to obtain food, shelter and protection. Move only due to an external force.
Show response to stimuli. Do not respond to stimuli.

Q.3 Germs of many diseases are extremely microscopic. They are so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. Do such living organisms reproduce? What do you think? Explain how you decided this.

Ans. Yes. Disease-causing germs are living organisms. One of the main characteristics of living organisms is reproduction. Germs multiply rapidly inside the body of a living organism and spread from one person to another. Therefore, although they are microscopic, germs also reproduce.


Q.4 Explain that animals like rats, cats and dogs show awareness of their surroundings through their behaviour. Write down your experiences about it and observations of how they behave in different situations.

Ans.

  1. Dogs bark when they see strangers and guard the house.
  2. Dogs wag their tails when they see their owners.
  3. Cats run away or hide when they sense danger.
  4. Rats quickly run into their holes when they hear a sound.
  5. These animals search for food and respond immediately to changes in their surroundings.
  6. All these behaviours show that animals are aware of their surroundings and respond to different stimuli.

Q.5 Make a list of different types of animal movements along with the animals that move in those ways.

Ans.

Type of Movement Examples of Animals
Walking Cow, Dog, Elephant
Running Horse, Deer, Tiger
Jumping Frog, Rabbit, Kangaroo
Flying Pigeon, Crow, Butterfly
Swimming Fish, Turtle, Whale
Crawling Snake, Earthworm
Climbing Monkey, Squirrel

Q.6 Plants respond to stimuli. Write down as many observations and experiences as you can which demonstrate this.

Ans.

  1. Roots grow towards moisture in the soil.
  2. Shoots and branches grow towards sunlight.
  3. The leaves of the touch-me-not plant close immediately when touched.
  4. Climbers coil around a support as they grow.
  5. Lotus flowers open during the day and close at night.
  6. The leaves of some plants fold at night and reopen during the day.
  7. Plants respond to changes in light, water, temperature and touch.

Q.7 Turtles stay in water for a long time. Why do they come to the surface repeatedly and poke their heads out of the water? Fish, however, do not try this. Why?

Ans. Turtles breathe through lungs. They require oxygen from the air, so they come to the surface repeatedly and poke their heads out of the water to breathe. Fish, on the other hand, breathe through gills. They obtain dissolved oxygen from water and therefore do not need to come to the surface for breathing.


Q.8 The life cycle of a frog is given below in a jumbled order. Give the correct number in the boxes to put them in the proper sequence.

Ans.

Correct sequence:

  1. Eggs
  2. Tadpole
  3. Tadpole with hind legs
  4. Young Frog
  5. Adult Frog

Numbers to be written below the pictures (from left to right): 2, 5, 1, 3, 4


Q.9 Classify the following into living and non-living groups based on their characteristics.

Ans.

Living Things Non-living Things
Butterfly
Fish
Tree 		Stone
Bicycle
Book
Air
Kite
Bus

Q.10 Write answers to the following questions.

(A) What are the effects on the animals when there is a drought and there is no food or water available for them?

Ans.

  1. Animals become weak due to lack of food and water.
  2. Their growth and development stop.
  3. They migrate in search of food and water.
  4. Many animals die because of starvation and dehydration.

(B) A tiger cub grows; does it also develop? Explain this statement.

Ans. Yes. A tiger cub not only grows in size, height and weight but also develops. As it grows, it learns to walk, run, hunt and protect itself. Development means improvement in the body's functions, intelligence, work capacity and skills. Therefore, a tiger cub grows as well as develops.

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