Motion and Types of Motion - Standard 6 - General Science - Balbharati

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 9. Motion and Types of Motion 

Exercise

Q. 1 Identify the types of motion.

(a) Movement of the earth around the sun : circular motion and periodic motion.

(b) Movement of a ceiling fan : circular motion and periodic motion.

(c) A meteor falling from the sky : linear motion.

(d) A rocket launched from the ground : linear motion.

(e) A fish swimming in water : random motion.

(f) The plucked string of a sitar : oscillatory motion.


Q. 2 Fill in the blanks.

(Linear, non-linear, circular, uniform linear, non-uniform linear, uniform circular, non-uniform circular, random)

(a) If a ball is released from the terrace of a building, it comes down in uniform linear motion. On the other hand, it reaches the ground in non-uniform linear motion if it is thrown with force away from the terrace in a direction parallel to the terrace.

(b) The motion of an aeroplane on the runway before take-off is linear.

(c) The kite looking for its prey flies with random motion in the sky.

(d) Children sitting in a rotating giant wheel have uniform circular motion, while those sitting in a merry-go-round have a non-uniform circular motion.


Q. 3 How are we different?

(a) Oscillatory motion and linear motion.

Oscillatory Motion Linear Motion
The object moves to and fro about a fixed point. The object moves in a straight line.
The direction keeps changing. The direction stays the same.
It is a type of periodic motion. It can be uniform or non-uniform.
Examples: Swing, pendulum, plucked string. Examples: Car moving on a straight road, ball rolling straight.

(b) Linear motion and random motion.

Linear Motion Random Motion
The object moves in a straight line. The object moves in any direction.
The direction of motion is fixed. The direction of motion keeps changing.
The path is straight. The path is irregular or zig-zag.
Examples: A car moving on a straight road, a ball rolling straight. Examples: A flying kite, a fish swimming in water.

(c) Random motion and oscillatory motion.

Random Motion Oscillatory Motion
The object moves in any direction. The object moves to and fro about a fixed point.
The path is irregular or zig-zag. The motion repeats after a fixed time.
The direction keeps changing. The direction changes regularly.
Examples: A flying insect, a fish swimming in water. Examples: Swing, pendulum, plucked string.


Q. 4 Explain in your own words, giving one example each.

(a) Linear motion.

Ans. When an object moves in a straight line, it is said to be in linear motion.

The direction does not change.

Example: A car moving on a straight road.

(b) Oscillatory motion

Ans. When an object moves to and fro (back and forth) about a fixed point, it is called oscillatory motion.

It repeats the same movement again and again.

Example: The motion of a swing or the pendulum of a clock.

(c) Circular motion

Ans. When an object moves around a fixed point or along a circular path, it is said to be in circular motion.

Example: The hands of a clock or the blades of a fan.

(d) Random motion

Ans. When an object moves in any direction without a definite path or pattern, it is called random motion.

Example: A butterfly flying in a garden or a fish swimming in water.

(e) Periodic motion

Ans. When an object repeats its motion after a fixed time, it is called periodic motion.

It happens again and again at regular intervals.

Example: The revolution of the Earth around the Sun or the ticking of a pendulum clock.


Q. 5 Answer the following questions in your own words.

(a) Which types of motion are seen in birds flying in the sky ?

Ans. The flight of birds shows different types of motion at the same time:

  • When a bird flies in a straight line, it shows linear motion.

  • When it changes its direction again and again, it shows random motion.

  • When it flaps its wings up and down, that movement shows oscillatory motion.

(b) Write in detail about your experience of various types of motion while riding a bicycle on a road.

Ans. When I ride my bicycle on a road, I experience many types of motion:

  • When I move straight ahead, it is linear motion.

  • When I turn around a corner, it becomes circular motion.

  • The pedals of the bicycle move in a circular motion.

  • The wheels of the bicycle also rotate in a circular motion.

  • If the road has turns and curves, my bicycle moves in a non-linear motion.

  • My legs move up and down while pedaling — that shows oscillatory motion.

6. Complete the puzzle using words for types of motion :

(1) a spring is stretched and one end is released

(2) a minute hand

(3) a see saw

(4-5) children in a march past

(6) a stone rolling down a hillside.

OSCILLATORY
I
PERIODIC
C
UNIFORM
L
LINEAR
RANDOM

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