Force and Types of Force - Standard 6 - General Science - Balbharati

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 10. Force and Types of Force 

Exercise

Q. 1 Choose the term to fill in the blanks.

(a) Force has to be applied to change the direction of a moving object.

(b) When an elephant drags a wooden log over the land, the forces that are applied on the log are muscular force, frictional force, and gravitational force.

(c) A ball was set rolling on a large table. If its motion is to be changed, a force will have to be applied on it.

(d) The force of friction always acts against the motion.


Q. 2 Match the following.

Group ‘A’ Group ‘B’
(i) An ox pulling a cart (c) Muscular force
(ii) Lifting a heavy iron object with a crane (b) Magnetic force
(iii) Weighing with a spring balance (d) Gravitational force
(iv) Applying brakes to a bicycle (e) Frictional force
(v) Picking up pieces of paper with a plastic scale (a) Electrostatic force

Q. 3 One or more forces are acting in the following examples. Name them.

(a) An object falling from a tall building – Gravitational force.

(b) An aeroplane flying in the sky – Mechanical force and gravitational force.

(c) Squeezing sugarcane juice with a squeezer – Muscular force and mechanical force.

(d) Winnowing foodgrain – Muscular force and gravitational force.


Q. 4 Explain in your own words, giving one example each.

(a) Muscular force

Ans. The force applied by the muscles of our body is called muscular force.

Example: Lifting a bag or pushing a table.

(b) Gravitational force

Ans. The force by which the earth pulls everything towards itself is called gravitational force.

Example: A mango falling from a tree due to gravity.

(c) Mechanical force

Ans. The force applied with the help of a machine is called mechanical force.

Example: A crane lifting heavy iron rods.

(d) Electrostatic force

Ans. The force exerted by charged materials is called electrostatic force.

Example: Tiny pieces of paper getting attracted to a rubbed plastic comb.

(e) Force of friction

Ans. The force that opposes motion between two surfaces is called force of friction.

Example: A car stops when brakes are applied because of friction between tyres and road.

(f) Magnetic force

Ans. The force by which a magnet attracts iron objects is called magnetic force.

Example: A magnet attracting an iron nail.


Q. 5 Give scientific reasons.

(a) Machines are oiled from time to time.

Ans. Machines are oiled from time to time because the oil reduces friction between their moving parts. This helps the parts move smoothly and prevents wear and tear, making the machine work efficiently.

(b) An object thrown upwards comes down after reaching a point.

Ans. An object thrown upwards comes down after reaching a point because the earth’s gravitational force pulls it downwards. 

(c) Powder is sprinkled on a carrom board.

Ans. Powder is sprinkled on a carrom board because it reduces the friction between the coins and the board’s surface. This helps the coins slide smoothly when struck.

(d) The ramp at a railway station has a rough surface.

Ans. The ramp at a railway station has a rough surface because the roughness increases friction between our feet and the ground. This prevents people from slipping while walking on the ramp.


Q. 6 In what way are we different?

(a) Muscular force and Mechanical force.

Muscular Force Mechanical Force
Applied by muscles of our body. Applied with the help of a machine.
Example: Lifting a bag. Example: Lifting weights using a crane.

(b) Force of friction and Gravitational force.

Force of Friction Gravitational Force
Acts between two surfaces in contact and opposes motion. Acts between the earth and any object, pulling it downward.
Example: A car stops after applying brakes. Example: A ball falls to the ground.

Q. 7 Write answers in your own words.

(a) What are the things that can be done by applying force?
Ans. By applying force we can move, stop, lift, push, pull, change direction, or change the shape of an object.

(b) What is meant by weight?
Ans. The gravitational force acting on an object is called its weight.

(c) Which machines run on muscular force?
Ans. Machines like hand pumps, manual sewing machines, and bicycles run on muscular force.


Q. 8 Crossword Puzzle

Down :

(1) ....... force is to be applied to push a scooter that has failed.

(2) ........... force can be used to pick up scattered pins.

Across :

(1) A .......... pulls an iron nail towards itself.

(3) .......... force was used when the farm was ploughed with a tractor.

(4) It is due to the force of ............ that raindrops fall to the ground.

Ans.

M A G N E T
U
S M
M E C H A N I C A L
U G
L N
G R A V I T Y E
R T
I
C

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