Nutrition and Diet - Standard 6 - General Science - Balbharati

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Nutrition and Diet

Exercise 

Q. 1 Fill in the blanks.

(a) The process of intake of food and utilising it for all life processes is called nutrition.

(b) All the substances in our food which are useful for various bodily processes are called nutrients.

(c) Carbohydrates and fats provides energy to our body.

(d) In a balanced diet, all the nutrients are present in the adequate proportion.

(e) In the food pyramid, cereals are given the maximum space because they fulfil our carbohydrate requirement.

(f) Intake of more food than necessary cause overnutrition.

Q. 2 Spot the following in the table of vitamins and minerals.

(a) The nutrient present in citrous fruits.

Ans. Vitamin C.

(b) Vitamins / minerals present in milk.

Ans. Vitamin A, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Calcium, Phosphorous.


(c) Causes and symptoms of night blindness, scurvy, rickets, beriberi.

Ans. 1. Night Blindness:

Causes: Night blindness caused by a deficiency of vitamin A.

Symptoms: People with night blindness may have difficulty seeing in low-light conditions or at night.

2. Scurvy:

Causes: Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C.

Symptoms: Weakness, fatigue, swollen and bleeding gums, joint pain, and skin problems.

3. Rickets:

Causes: Rickets is often caused by a deficiency of vitamin D.

Symptoms: Brittle and weak bones.

4. Beriberi:

Causes: Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of  Vitamin B1.

Symptoms: Affects the nervous system leading to muscle weakness and difficulty walking.

(d) Foods required to prevent the above diseases.

Ans. 1. Foods required to prevent night blindness: Carrot, milk, butter, dark green vegetables, sweet potatoes, deep yellow fruits and vegetables.

2. Foods required to prevent scurvy: Amla, kiwi, oranges and other citrus fruits, cabbage, tomatoes, green leafy vegetables.

3. Foods required to prevent rickets: Milk, fish, eggs and butter

4. Foods required to prevent beriberi: Milk, fish, meat, cereals, nuts, pulses

(e) Causes of anaemia.

Ans. Anaemia can cause due to deficiency of iron and vitamin B12.

(f) Essential mineral for healthy bones and teeth.

Ans. Calcium and phosphorous

(g) Sensory organ affected due to the deficiency of Vitamin A.

Ans. Eyes.

Q. 3 Choose the correct alternative.

(a) Pulses are a very good source of proteins.

(b) Cereals provide maximum energy to the body.

(c) Goitre is caused by a deficiency of the mineral iodine.

(d) Chocolate is a type of junk food.

Q. 4 Use the food pyramid to select food items of your choice for three days.

Conditions:

(1) The diet for all three days should be balanced.

(2) There should be variety in the items chosen for the three days.

Ans.

Day 1: Roti, Lentil curry, Mixed vegetable sabzi, Brown rice, Aloo Gobi.

Day 2: Poha, Khichdi, Chapati, Chana Masala, Fresh fruit salad.

Day 3: Masoor Dal, Brown rice, Bhindi Masala, Sambhar, Masala Dosa.

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